Statements by the Deputy Speaker of the Slovak Parliament, Tibor Gaspar, regarding the possibility of the country exiting the European Union have caused a stir in political circles and among the public. Despite assurances that this is only a hypothetical scenario, such a statement has not left Slovak citizens or the international community indifferent. Let’s take a closer look at the context and potential consequences of such a decision.
Slovakia in the EU and NATO: history of membership
Slovakia became a member of the European Union in 2004 along with nine other countries that joined as part of the enlargement process. EU membership allowed Slovakia to integrate into the European economy, gain access to structural funds that contributed to the development of infrastructure, healthcare, education, and other areas.
Membership in NATO, which Slovakia also obtained in 2004, became a guarantee of national security and stability. Through participation in the Alliance, the country gained access to joint defense programs and significant military support.
What has Slovakia gained from EU and NATO membership?
- Economic development
The EU became Slovakia’s largest trading partner. Access to the single market significantly increased export volumes, especially in the automotive and engineering sectors, which are the cornerstone of the country’s economy. - Financial support
Slovakia received billions of euros from EU funds for infrastructure modernization, judicial system reform, and regional development. This helped improve the standard of living for the population. - Security
NATO provided protection against external threats and strengthened the country’s position in international politics. - Social changes
Through integration, Slovakia implemented numerous reforms that enhanced democracy, judiciary standards, and human rights.
Support for the idea of Slovakia leaving the EU
Public opinion polls indicate that the majority of Slovak citizens still support their country’s membership in the EU. According to the Eurobarometer survey of 2024, around 68% of Slovaks believe that EU membership has benefited the country. However, the increasing influence of nationalist sentiments and pro-Russian rhetoric in recent years has led to opposition to European integration.
Why discuss a possible exit from the EU?
Tibor Gaspar’s words may be part of a political game. They reinforce the position of the Smer party and its allies, who seek to influence public opinion, targeting voters with populist views. Statements about a possible EU exit are often made in the context of criticizing Brussels for pressuring national governments on issues such as climate, migration, and democratic reforms.
Consequences of a possible EU exit
- Economic losses
Exiting the EU would mean losing access to the single market and financial funds. This could lead to an economic downturn, rising unemployment, and a decline in investments. - Political isolation
Slovakia risks losing its influence in European politics and becoming more dependent on major players such as the USA or Russia. - Rising discontent among citizens
Most Slovaks benefit from the freedom of movement, education, and employment in the EU. Restrictions on these benefits could cause significant backlash.
Geopolitical impact
The exit of Slovakia from the EU would be a serious blow to the unity of the Union. It could provoke other Central European countries, such as Hungary or Poland, to similar actions, creating new challenges for regional stability.
Despite Tibor Gaspar’s statements, the actual exit of Slovakia from the EU is unlikely at present. It seems more like political rhetoric than a serious intent. However, such discussion is a troubling signal that requires the European community to strengthen ties with Union members to avoid further disintegration.
